Best Layer 1 Protocols in India

Hive is home to some the most popular Web3 apps worldwide, including PeakD, Splinterlands and HiveBlog. To securely store your cryptocurrency and interact with Web3 apps, wallets are essential. Hive offers a variety of community-owned and open source wallets for Windows, macOS Linux, iOS, Android, Android, and Web. Contributors make it possible to develop Hive and its ecosystem. To encourage critical work, such Core Development, a DAO-like structure is used: the Decentralized Hive Fund, (DHF), which is being leveraged for intelligently funding important work.

This is a Solana-based fork featuring integrated EVM compatibility, creating the fastest hybrid chain by combining EVM with EBPF while incorporating the best attributes of Solana into the Ethereum ecosystem. It allows for the deployment of all smart contracts originally designed for the Ethereum blockchain. Users experience remarkably efficient performance at a significantly lower cost, with the option to stake and contribute to decentralization while earning rewards in the process. The Velas Network offers users access to a range of decentralized services, allowing them to entrust the security of their passwords, keys, and seed phrases to advanced segmentation algorithms and validators dedicated to data protection. Crucially, the information is securely distributed across the network, ensuring that it remains inaccessible to any individual participant. This innovative approach not only enhances security but also promotes user confidence in decentralized technologies.

DAppChain serves as TRON's initiative for sidechain development, aiming to facilitate the operation of decentralized applications (DApps) on the TRON network with greater energy efficiency, increased speed, and improved security, thereby offering limitless scalability for the main TRON network. The considerable throughput is achieved by enhancing the transactions per second (TPS) capabilities of TRON, which have now outstripped those of Bitcoin and Ethereum, reaching a level suitable for everyday use. This scalability, coupled with efficient smart contracts, provides a diverse range of deployment options for applications on TRON, effectively accommodating a vast number of users. Furthermore, the enhanced reward distribution mechanism contributes to a more trustworthy network structure, protects user assets, and fosters intrinsic value while promoting a higher level of decentralized consensus. Additionally, Poloniex operates a decentralized trading platform that evolved from TRXMarket, which was previously the largest decentralized trading venue on TRON and has consistently ranked among the top five in terms of trading volume within the TRON DApp ecosystem. This evolution reflects the continuous growth and adaptation of TRON in the decentralized finance space.

MultiversX, previously known as Elrond, is a decentralized blockchain network designed for high scalability and security, aiming to facilitate innovative applications for individuals, businesses, and society as well as to explore the emerging metaverse. Empower your vision across the Multiverse by developing new applications, economies, and realms. With a sovereign blockchain module and essential core applications, you can deploy solutions in mere minutes while enjoying extensive customization options. This platform boasts a wealth of features and use cases tailored for creatives, brands, and organizations alike. Serving as the gateway to the Metaverse, it provides a digital home for your avatar, encompassing comprehensive financial services, including a debit card, alongside social features like chatting and connecting with friends. Designed to be universally accessible, it opens up opportunities for users worldwide, functioning as a dynamic world creation engine that connects various interoperable metaverses, ultimately introducing the very first Metaverse planet in this new digital landscape.

Meter serves as a highly efficient infrastructure designed to enable smart contracts to scale and navigate effortlessly across diverse blockchain networks. Functioning as both a Layer 1 and Layer 2 blockchain protocol, Meter is built around two primary tokens: MTRG, which acts as the governance token (with eMTRG representing its ERC20 version), and MTR, designed to be a stable currency token. To facilitate the unrestricted movement of financial assets between blockchains, Meter employs a HotStuff-based consensus mechanism that supports thousands of validator nodes, positioning it as the most decentralized Layer 2 solution for Ethereum. With the capacity to process thousands of transactions every second, transactions on Meter are confirmed in nearly real time. Additionally, Meter Passport enables assets and smart contracts to traverse and interact across various blockchains, optimizing for price, liquidity, and yield. Meter stands out as an Ethereum-compatible platform enhanced with distinctive features. In contrast to other Layer 2 solutions, decentralized exchanges (DEXes) built on Meter are resistant to front running and miner extractable value (MEV) issues, ensuring they are both swift and censorship-resistant. This combination of capabilities makes Meter a formidable player in the blockchain ecosystem.

Stratis is an exceptionally decentralized platform for blockchain development, specifically designed to empower Microsoft developers to create blockchain solutions using familiar programming languages. With a comprehensive ecosystem that includes robust tools and Software Development Kits, Stratis ensures that developers can build their applications with confidence, benefitting from a well-established framework. Characterized by its decentralization, high security, and energy efficiency, the Stratis Platform is perfectly suited for launching blockchain projects. Its architecture draws inspiration from Bitcoin, acclaimed as the most secure blockchain to date, while its implementation of Proof-of-Stake technology results in a significantly reduced carbon footprint through energy-efficient block generation. Additionally, the Stratis Platform’s extensive toolset simplifies the learning process for new developers by providing practical code examples and reference implementations, making it easier than ever to grasp blockchain concepts and innovate within this dynamic field. This combination of resources not only enhances the development experience but also fosters a thriving community of blockchain enthusiasts.

Bitcoin represents a groundbreaking payment system and a novel form of currency. It operates on a decentralized network that utilizes peer-to-peer technology, eliminating the need for central authorities or banks; the management of transactions and the distribution of bitcoins happens collaboratively among users. Being open-source, Bitcoin's design is transparent, with no single entity owning or controlling it, allowing anyone to participate in its ecosystem. Its distinctive features enable innovative applications that previous payment methods could not accommodate. Transactions made with Bitcoin are safeguarded through mathematical principles and energy consumption. Cryptographic signatures ensure that only the rightful owner can access their funds, while the energy required for proof of work (PoW) guarantees the integrity of transactions, preventing alterations or losses. By taking appropriate precautions to secure your wallet, Bitcoin empowers users with greater financial autonomy and a robust defense against various forms of fraud while fostering a sense of community among its users.

Stellar empowers builders to unlock human and economic potential. It combines a powerful, decentralized blockchain network with a global ecosystem of innovators to create opportunities as borderless as ideas. It offers the tools to make a difference in the real world through new digital asset products and services that enhance access to the global financial system.

Zano is an innovative open-source platform aimed at streamlining the management and oversight of personal data and digital identity. It empowers users to take charge of their online presence by providing a suite of tools for secure file storage, communication, and management of access rights. With a strong emphasis on privacy and security, Zano incorporates end-to-end encryption to safeguard sensitive information, ensuring that users' data remains protected against unauthorized access. This platform is particularly suited for individuals who prioritize the security of their personal information and seek to maintain their digital identity in an intuitive setting. Additionally, Zano offers customizable privacy settings that allow users to dictate who can view their information and the manner in which it is shared. By integrating secure storage with communication functionalities, Zano serves as a holistic solution for the management and protection of one's digital assets, making it an essential tool in today’s digital landscape. Furthermore, its user-centric design promotes ease of use, making privacy more accessible to everyone.

Polkadot is an innovative blockchain network designed to support Web 3.0, which aims to create a decentralized and equitable internet where individuals have control over their data, fostering thriving markets through enhanced network efficiency and security. Established in 2016 by Gavin Wood, who previously served as the Co-Founder and CTO of Ethereum, Polkadot addresses key challenges that have hindered the widespread adoption of blockchain technology in recent years. The platform's development toolkit, known as Substrate, was created by Parity Technologies and simplifies the process for developers to create tailored blockchains suited to their specific needs. Additionally, Polkadot facilitates interoperability between various blockchains, making upgrades seamless, and introduces a model of “shared security” that allows developers to prioritize their technological innovations rather than expend resources on assembling a team of operators to manage a new blockchain. This approach not only streamlines the development process but also enhances the overall robustness of the blockchain ecosystem.

NEAR is an innovative open-source platform that streamlines the creation of decentralized applications, serving as the quickest route for builders to enter the market. It is dedicated to developing tools that foster community-driven advancements for individuals globally. Developed by Near Inc, NEAR aims to introduce blockchain technology across a wide array of mainstream applications. By prioritizing both the developer and end-user experience, NEAR provides a high-performance infrastructure that is accessible to everyone. This decentralized application platform is designed with security in mind, capable of handling valuable assets such as money and identity, while also ensuring usability for daily interactions, thus empowering users with the potential of the Open Web. The NEAR token economy is centered around the NEAR token itself, which not only serves as a unit of value within the platform but also allows holders to engage with applications, partake in governance decisions, and earn rewards through staking. Ultimately, NEAR is transforming how people interact with blockchain technology by marrying high performance with robust security.

A blockchain designed to meet compliance standards for both current and future economies, enabling a seamless blend of private and public transactions. It boasts impressive throughput, rapid transaction speeds, and predictable fee structures. This technology empowers businesses, developers, and traders to fully leverage the immense potential of blockchain. Notably, Concordium’s decentralized blockchain is pioneering with its unique layer-one identity embedded directly into the protocol. This innovative approach provides forward-thinking companies, application builders, and cryptocurrency enthusiasts with unparalleled levels of security, privacy, transparency, and crucially, adherence to evolving regulations. By employing zero-knowledge proofs (ZKP), it allows parties to authenticate information without the need to share or store sensitive data on-chain, except for hash functions, ensuring that users can maintain confidentiality in their business dealings without external intrusion. Such features position Concordium as a formidable player in the ever-evolving blockchain landscape.

Introducing the pioneering blockchain specifically designed for GameFi and the Metaverse, Vision aims to establish a metaverse environment characterized by exceptional performance, seamless interoperability, scalability, and robust security, thereby facilitating easier access for users. This innovative protocol has evolved from a Proof of Stake (PoS) foundation, representing the result of extensive dedication and hard work. The VPoS network features a global array of independent validator nodes that ensure a high level of safety, making user logins straightforward while presenting significant challenges to potential attackers. Transactions within the Vision ecosystem are completed in mere seconds and incur minimal costs. Furthermore, Vision's compatibility with the Ethereum Virtual Machine (EVM) allows users to effortlessly deploy and operate their Ethereum decentralized applications (dApps) on the Vision platform. Notably, Vision is 100% compatible with Ethereum, enabling developers to launch their dApps at a significantly reduced cost while taking advantage of Vision’s outstanding performance. The source code of Vision is entirely open source, allowing anyone to access it, track its development, provide feedback, and contribute to the expansion of the ecosystem. Additionally, Vision Metaverse Go! Creator serves as an innovative tool tailored for content creation, featuring a scripted, component-based, and data-driven approach to game development, making it a versatile option for creators. This unique combination of features positions Vision as a transformative force in the gaming and metaverse landscape.

Explore the reasons over 200 financial institutions have selected RippleNet to tap into new customer bases, broaden their service offerings, and enhance the global payment experience. Frequently, international transactions can be expensive, unreliable, and sluggish due to the fragmented nature of existing systems. RippleNet utilizes cutting-edge blockchain technology designed for global payments, allowing financial institutions to connect with a reliable and expanding network of over 200 providers in more than 40 countries spanning six continents. By leveraging advanced crypto and blockchain solutions developed over ten years, Ripple’s enterprise-grade offerings deliver speed, transparency, and cost efficiency that outshine traditional financial methods. Our clients utilize these innovative solutions to acquire cryptocurrency, enable immediate transactions, optimize their treasury operations, attract new clientele, reduce capital needs, and generate additional revenue streams. In a rapidly evolving financial landscape, RippleNet stands out as a transformative force in payment processing.

The Filecoin mainnet has officially launched, inviting users to engage in transactions, store information, and earn FIL tokens. This innovative network achieves remarkable economies of scale by enabling anyone to act as a storage provider, thus monetizing their available hard drive capacity. It is structured to offer rewards across various tiers of participants, ranging from expansive data centers to local entrepreneurs equipped with mining rigs that serve the final stretch. Miners use a combination of disks and hardware to secure storage contracts, store data, and accumulate Filecoin. configurations for mining can vary widely, from ordinary desktops to extensive setups with multiple disks and computational power. Unlike traditional proof-of-work systems, the model focuses on the tangible value of storage, where increasing your file storage directly correlates with earning more block rewards. The more storage you contribute, the greater your potential Filecoin earnings. Furthermore, the Filecoin retrieval market incentivizes miners to quickly deliver data, enhancing overall network efficiency and user satisfaction. This interconnected ecosystem promotes a thriving marketplace for data storage and retrieval, fostering innovation and collaboration.

Ethereum is a community-driven platform that serves as the backbone for the cryptocurrency ether (ETH) and a myriad of decentralized applications. This innovative technology facilitates not only digital currency transactions but also global payments and various applications. Through collaborative efforts, the community has established a vibrant digital economy, providing creators with new opportunities to generate income online and much more. Accessible to anyone with an internet connection, Ethereum breaks down barriers for billions who either lack bank accounts or face restrictions on their financial transactions. Its decentralized finance (DeFi) framework operates continuously without bias, allowing users to send, receive, borrow, earn interest, and even stream funds globally. In contrast to traditional internet services that often require sacrificing personal data control, Ethereum maintains openness as a fundamental principle – all that's needed is a wallet to participate. By staking your ETH, you can contribute to the network as a validator, helping to secure and maintain the integrity of this groundbreaking platform. As a result, Ethereum not only empowers individuals but also fosters a more inclusive financial system for everyone.

Kava stands as a decentralized finance platform that facilitates lending and the use of stablecoins in harmony with prominent cryptocurrencies. It operates a cross-chain system that ensures users can access guaranteed loans and stablecoins through major crypto assets such as BTC, XRP, BNB, and ATOM, among others. By collateralizing their cryptocurrencies, users can receive USDX, which is Kava's own stablecoin. The platform features two primary tokens: the KAVA coin and the USDX stablecoin. Serving as the native token, KAVA plays a pivotal role in underpinning the security, governance, and operational functionalities of the platform. Built on a highly scalable and secure blockchain utilizing the Cosmos SDK, Kava connects seamlessly with over 30 chains and taps into a vast ecosystem worth more than $60 billion through the Inter-Blockchain Communication (IBC) protocol. Additionally, it offers an EVM-compatible execution environment designed to enable Solidity developers to create decentralized applications that take full advantage of Kava's robust scalability and security. With Tendermint Consensus, which provides single-block finality and exceptional scalability, Kava is well-equipped to cater to a wide array of transaction demands, ensuring a fluid user experience. The integration of these technologies positions Kava as a forward-thinking platform in the evolving world of decentralized finance.

Hyperledger Fabric serves as a robust, distributed ledger platform tailored for enterprises, providing a high level of modularity and flexibility suitable for various industry applications. Its design incorporates a modular architecture that supports the wide-ranging needs of businesses by allowing for plug-and-play components, including those for consensus mechanisms, privacy features, and membership services. This platform is designed to support the development of applications or solutions grounded in a modular framework, promoting ease of integration and customization. Hyperledger Fabric's unique plug-and-play capabilities for components like consensus and membership services enhance its adaptability across different sectors. Its innovative approach to consensus allows for scalable performance while ensuring that privacy is maintained, which is essential for many organizations. A particularly striking feature of Fabric is its ability to facilitate networks of networks, enabling collaboration among members while allowing them to keep certain data confidential, thereby fostering both cooperation and privacy within their respective business relationships. This capacity for maintaining separate yet interconnected relationships makes Hyperledger Fabric a highly valuable tool for enterprises navigating complex data privacy needs.

Kusama offers unparalleled interoperability and scalability for blockchain developers eager to explore the boundaries of innovation. Constructed with Substrate and sharing nearly the same codebase and state-of-the-art multichain infrastructure as its counterpart, Polkadot, it stands out for its unique attributes. In a world where the balance between technology and society has eroded, leading to large organizations frequently exceeding their mandates, Kusama serves as a bold, fast-paced 'canary in the coal mine' for Polkadot. This vibrant platform is designed for change-makers who seek to reclaim authority, ignite creativity, and challenge the conventional norms. With a focus on speed, developers are encouraged to quickly launch their products. The agile and adventurous spirit of Kusama enables developers to navigate the governance and upgrade processes with ease, facilitating swift advancements and growth. By building on a cutting-edge, sharded multichain network, users can leverage the latest features ahead of their introduction on Polkadot, ensuring they remain at the forefront of technological progress. This proactive approach inspires a culture of continuous improvement and accelerates the pace of innovation across the blockchain landscape.

The public blockchain generates its value through the contributions of its community members, tackling genuine economic challenges in the real world. With the introduction of BlockRef and Expiration transaction fields, users gain the ability to define when a transaction should be executed or deemed expired if it remains unconfirmed in a block. Additionally, the system supports various transaction fee delegation models, such as Multi-party Payment and Designated Gas Payer, which facilitate a seamless freemium approach for decentralized applications, thus allowing for easier user onboarding. Developers can also leverage multi-function atomic transactions to combine multiple payments and contract function calls into a single transaction while controlling their execution order. By establishing dependencies, the system ensures that transactions with specified prerequisites will only be executed after the required conditions are met, enhancing overall efficiency and reliability in business operations. This technology not only streamlines processes but also fosters innovation within the ecosystem as developers can create more complex and interrelated functionalities.

Our platform boasts unparalleled transaction speeds and an impressive latency rate of sub-second block times, enabling EOSIO to cater to critical applications effectively. You can establish various blockchain infrastructures, whether they are public, private, permissioned, or permissionless. Tailor custom governance and business logic by utilizing executable smart contracts that meet your specifications. This flexibility allows you to adapt the system to fulfill your unique business requirements and application demands. Developers have access to a continuously growing array of products, features, and tools, alongside comprehensive training and certification offered by our EOSIO specialists to elevate your expertise. Regardless of whether you are just starting or are a seasoned professional in blockchain technology, onboarding and scaling projects on EOSIO is a seamless experience. Additionally, enjoy the advantages of cutting-edge blockchain and web security verification standards, coupled with end-to-end authentication that ensures exceptional data integrity. This robust security framework reinforces your confidence in deploying secure applications across various environments.

The final groundbreaking Layer 1 blockchain initiative is set to unveil a transformative public network that offers an endless landscape for smart contracts, enabling operations at web speed while dramatically scaling and minimizing computational expenses by a factor of a million or beyond. You can create a diverse range of applications, from decentralized finance (DeFi) platforms to large-scale tokenized social media services functioning entirely on-chain, or enhance existing Ethereum dapps. Embark on a journey toward blockchain singularity and experience a boundless blockchain ecosystem that embodies the power, velocity, and scalability comparable to the Internet itself. This network empowers developers to construct tokenized social media platforms exclusively through the use of smart contracts, revolutionizing how we interact online. The possibilities are as limitless as the technology itself, paving the way for innovations that could redefine digital engagement.

Fetch.ai develops tools and infrastructure designed to facilitate a decentralized digital economy. The foundation of Fetch.ai’s network lies in an open-source technology that allows any user to participate, thereby harnessing the capabilities of AI on a secure, global dataset to perform intricate coordination tasks necessary for the contemporary economy. Within this framework, a range of software agents operate autonomously, acting on behalf of their owners. These intelligent agents aim to deliver optimized services across various ecosystems, benefiting both suppliers and consumers alike. The applications of this innovative system are vast, extending to numerous fields. For instance, users in financial services can enhance trading strategies, public transportation systems may be restructured for efficiency, urban areas could adjust intelligently to the needs of their inhabitants, the gig economy might see significant improvements, and energy networks could be integrated into a smart grid for better resource management. Overall, Fetch.ai holds the promise of transformative impact across multiple sectors.

Flow represents an innovative blockchain framework tailored for the upcoming wave of applications, games, and the digital assets that fuel them. Engineered with a focus on seamless user experience, Flow serves as a robust foundation for internet-scale protocols and applications. Originating from the creators of CryptoKitties, Flow has undergone rigorous testing alongside leading global partners and is currently available for anyone interested in contributing and reaping its benefits. It has proven its resilience in real-world usage and is prepared to support the development of applications that meet user demand. This framework introduces a straightforward feature that enhances both software quality and development efficiency. Additionally, Flow incorporates a user-friendly programming language specifically designed for decentralized applications and digital assets. It enables secure and transparent bug fixes and allows for the upgrading of designated portions of smart contracts. Built for speed and efficiency, Flow ensures global finality is achieved in mere seconds, making it a compelling choice for developers. The potential of Flow to reshape the digital landscape is immense, inviting innovators to explore its capabilities.

Anchor Protocol enables users to deposit Terra stablecoins to earn a reliable yield, leveraging the block rewards generated by prominent proof-of-stake blockchains. With features like immediate settlements, minimal transaction fees, and effortless cross-border exchanges, Terra stablecoins are favored by countless users and businesses alike. Meanwhile, Mirror Protocol facilitates the creation of fungible synthetic assets that mirror the value of real-world assets. These synthetic assets are designed to serve as essential components in smart contracts, effectively integrating global assets into the blockchain ecosystem. Developers can create smart contracts using programming languages such as Rust, Go, or AssemblyScript, and operate across multiple chains interconnected via the Cosmos Inter-Blockchain Communication (IBC) protocol. Terra stablecoins, on-chain swaps, and Layer 1 oracles function as foundational elements within this framework. This setup enables decentralized applications (dApps) to access Terra's payment solutions in an open manner. Terra's vision is to extend the accessibility of its stablecoins to every developer across various blockchain platforms. Currently operational on Ethereum and Solana, the platform is set to expand its reach to additional networks in the near future. This expansion reflects Terra's commitment to enhancing the blockchain ecosystem for all participants.