Best SQL Databases for Linux of 2025

RaimaDB, an embedded time series database that can be used for Edge and IoT devices, can run in-memory. It is a lightweight, secure, and extremely powerful RDBMS. It has been field tested by more than 20 000 developers around the world and has been deployed in excess of 25 000 000 times. RaimaDB is a high-performance, cross-platform embedded database optimized for mission-critical applications in industries such as IoT and edge computing. Its lightweight design makes it ideal for resource-constrained environments, supporting both in-memory and persistent storage options. RaimaDB offers flexible data modeling, including traditional relational models and direct relationships through network model sets. With ACID-compliant transactions and advanced indexing methods like B+Tree, Hash Table, R-Tree, and AVL-Tree, it ensures data reliability and efficiency. Built for real-time processing, it incorporates multi-version concurrency control (MVCC) and snapshot isolation, making it a robust solution for applications demanding speed and reliability.

Percona Server is a fully-compatible, enhanced and open-source drop-in replacement for MySQL. It offers superior performance, scalability and instrumentation. Percona Server boasts over 5,300,000. Downloads and support for high-performance hardware provide excellent performance and reliability. Percona Server MySQL offers enterprise-grade features, higher uptime, and a variety of key benefits that increase database performance and efficiency. Because users spend less time tuning and administering, they have more time to focus on the most important priorities. Percona is a market leader providing enterprise-class software and support. Consulting, managed services, as well as training for open-source databases that are both on-premise or cloud-based, include consulting, training, and consulting. Percona was founded with the belief that everyone should be able to access scalable, secure and efficient database software features without any vendor lock-in or excessive fees.

MySQL stands out as the most widely used open source database globally. Thanks to its established track record in performance, dependability, and user-friendliness, it has emerged as the preferred database for web applications, powering notable platforms such as Facebook, Twitter, and YouTube, alongside the top five websites. Furthermore, MySQL is also highly favored as an embedded database solution, being distributed by numerous independent software vendors and original equipment manufacturers. Its versatility and robust features contribute to its widespread adoption across various industries.

What makes eXtremeDB platform independent? - Hybrid storage of data. Unlike other IMDS databases, eXtremeDB databases are all-in-memory or all-persistent. They can also have a mix between persistent tables and in-memory table. eXtremeDB's Active Replication Fabric™, which is unique to eXtremeDB, offers bidirectional replication and multi-tier replication (e.g. edge-to-gateway-to-gateway-to-cloud), compression to maximize limited bandwidth networks and more. - Row and columnar flexibility for time series data. eXtremeDB supports database designs which combine column-based and row-based layouts in order to maximize the CPU cache speed. - Client/Server and embedded. eXtremeDB provides data management that is fast and flexible wherever you need it. It can be deployed as an embedded system and/or as a clients/server database system. eXtremeDB was designed for use in resource-constrained, mission-critical embedded systems. Found in over 30,000,000 deployments, from routers to satellites and trains to stock market world-wide.

Transform and enhance your transaction-driven applications both on-premise and in the cloud by using SAP Adaptive Server Enterprise (SAP ASE). This cutting-edge SQL database server utilizes a relational management framework designed to satisfy the increasing needs for performance, reliability, and efficiency across various sectors. Streamline your operations and cut costs with features like workload analyzer and workload profiler that ensure built-in high availability, effective disaster recovery, and optimal resource management. Expand your capacity for transactions, data, and users while boosting performance with advanced technology solutions, including MemScale and XOLTP. By minimizing overhead on production databases, Q-Free employees can concentrate more on driving innovation and delivering value. You can deploy SAP ASE either on-premise or through infrastructure as a service (IaaS), ensuring high performance and availability essential for executing mission-critical transactions. Additionally, this versatility allows businesses to adapt to evolving market demands swiftly.

CUBRID is a relational database management system (DBMS) specifically designed for online transaction processing (OLTP) that adheres to ANSI SQL standards, offering features such as MVCC support, high-availability capabilities, and user-friendly GUI tools for database management and migration. Additionally, it boasts compatibility with Oracle and MySQL, and supports a range of interfaces, including JDBC. Installation is straightforward, and it includes native GUI-based administration tools to streamline the development process. CUBRID's architecture is multi-threaded and multi-server, equipped with a native broker middleware, a cost-based optimizer, and advanced caching methods to enhance OLTP performance. It also incorporates highly reliable automatic failover technology via the CUBRID Heartbeat engine core, ensuring minimal downtime. With multi-volume support and automatic volume expansion, it can handle an extensive number of databases, tables, and indexes without size limitations. Furthermore, its robust features make it suitable for dynamic and scalable applications in various industries.

IBM Db2 encompasses a suite of data management solutions, prominently featuring the Db2 relational database. These offerings incorporate AI-driven functionalities designed to streamline the management of both structured and unstructured data across various on-premises and multicloud settings. By simplifying data accessibility, the Db2 suite empowers businesses to leverage the advantages of AI effectively. Most components of the Db2 family are integrated within the IBM Cloud Pak® for Data platform, available either as additional features or as built-in data source services, ensuring that nearly all data is accessible across hybrid or multicloud frameworks to support AI-driven applications. You can easily unify your transactional data repositories and swiftly extract insights through intelligent, universal querying across diverse data sources. The multimodel functionality helps reduce expenses by removing the necessity for data replication and migration. Additionally, Db2 offers enhanced flexibility, allowing for deployment on any cloud service provider, which further optimizes operational agility and responsiveness. This versatility in deployment options ensures that businesses can adapt their data management strategies as their needs evolve.

Greenplum Database® stands out as a sophisticated, comprehensive, and open-source data warehouse solution. It excels in providing swift and robust analytics on data volumes that reach petabyte scales. Designed specifically for big data analytics, Greenplum Database is driven by a highly advanced cost-based query optimizer that ensures exceptional performance for analytical queries on extensive data sets. This project operates under the Apache 2 license, and we extend our gratitude to all current contributors while inviting new ones to join our efforts. In the Greenplum Database community, every contribution is valued, regardless of its size, and we actively encourage diverse forms of involvement. This platform serves as an open-source, massively parallel data environment tailored for analytics, machine learning, and artificial intelligence applications. Users can swiftly develop and implement models aimed at tackling complex challenges in fields such as cybersecurity, predictive maintenance, risk management, and fraud detection, among others. Dive into the experience of a fully integrated, feature-rich open-source analytics platform that empowers innovation.

Businesses require a solution to maintain seamless operations of their systems, enhance data processing speed, and ensure storage reliability. In-memory technologies have emerged as effective tools for addressing these challenges. For over a decade, Tarantool has been assisting organizations globally in creating intelligent caches, data marts, and comprehensive client profiles while optimizing server utilization. This approach not only reduces the expenses associated with storing credentials compared to isolated solutions but also enhances both the service and security of client applications. Furthermore, it lowers the costs of data management by minimizing the number of separate systems that hold customer identities. By analyzing user behavior and data, companies can boost sales through improved speed and accuracy in recommending products or services. Additionally, enhancing the performance of mobile and web channels can significantly reduce user attrition. In the context of large organizations, IT systems often operate within a closed network loop, which poses risks as data circulates without adequate protection. Consequently, it becomes imperative for corporations to adopt robust strategies that not only safeguard their data but also ensure optimal system functionality.

The Mimer SQL codebase is recognized as one of the most advanced in the industry. It boasts a modular architecture that ensures exceptional maintainability, effortless scalability, and a focus on portability. Our expertise in maximizing the capabilities of computers and operating systems is reflected in Mimer SQL. Featuring a cutting-edge SQL compiler that employs the latest optimization techniques, alongside a top-tier storage engine, it establishes a foundation for unprecedented speed and efficiency, limited only by hardware constraints. The security features of Mimer SQL are continuously enhanced, leaving no aspect overlooked. It effectively safeguards data in use, in motion, and at rest, utilizing proven, reliable, and well-documented algorithms. As a perfect partner for contemporary in-vehicle computing solutions, Mimer SQL delivers performance and reliability that meet the rigorous demands of secure, adaptable, and dependable data management in the realm of modern autonomous and connected vehicles. With its innovative design, Mimer SQL ensures that users can confidently rely on it for all their data needs.

Apache Phoenix integrates OLTP and operational analytics within Hadoop, catering to low-latency applications by merging the strengths of both realms. It harnesses the power of standard SQL and JDBC APIs alongside comprehensive ACID transaction support, while also offering the adaptability of late-bound, schema-on-read capabilities typical of the NoSQL sphere by utilizing HBase as its underlying storage. Additionally, Apache Phoenix seamlessly connects with various other Hadoop components such as Spark, Hive, Pig, Flume, and MapReduce, positioning itself as a reliable data platform for OLTP and operational analytics within the Hadoop ecosystem through well-established, industry-standard APIs. The framework processes your SQL queries by translating them into a sequence of HBase scans, efficiently coordinating these scans to yield standard JDBC result sets. By directly employing the HBase API and leveraging coprocessors along with tailored filters, Apache Phoenix achieves impressive performance, typically delivering results in milliseconds for smaller queries and seconds for larger datasets containing tens of millions of rows. This remarkable efficiency makes it an ideal choice for applications demanding rapid data access and analysis.

SAP HANA is an in-memory database designed to handle both transactional and analytical workloads using a single copy of data, regardless of type. It effectively dissolves the barriers between transactional and analytical processes within organizations, facilitating rapid decision-making whether deployed on-premises or in the cloud. This innovative database management system empowers users to create intelligent, real-time solutions, enabling swift decision-making from a unified data source. By incorporating advanced analytics, it enhances the capabilities of next-generation transaction processing. Organizations can build data solutions that capitalize on cloud-native attributes such as scalability, speed, and performance. With SAP HANA Cloud, businesses can access reliable, actionable information from one cohesive platform while ensuring robust security, privacy, and data anonymization, reflecting proven enterprise standards. In today's fast-paced environment, an intelligent enterprise relies on timely insights derived from data, emphasizing the need for real-time delivery of such valuable information. As the demand for immediate access to insights grows, leveraging an efficient database like SAP HANA becomes increasingly critical for organizations aiming to stay competitive.

PostgreSQL stands out as a highly capable, open-source object-relational database system that has been actively developed for more than three decades, earning a solid reputation for its reliability, extensive features, and impressive performance. Comprehensive resources for installation and usage are readily available in the official documentation, which serves as an invaluable guide for both new and experienced users. Additionally, the open-source community fosters numerous forums and platforms where individuals can learn about PostgreSQL, understand its functionalities, and explore job opportunities related to it. Engaging with this community can enhance your knowledge and connection to the PostgreSQL ecosystem. Recently, the PostgreSQL Global Development Group announced updates for all supported versions, including 15.1, 14.6, 13.9, 12.13, 11.18, and 10.23, which address 25 reported bugs from the past few months. Notably, this marks the final release for PostgreSQL 10, meaning that it will no longer receive any security patches or bug fixes going forward. Therefore, if you are currently utilizing PostgreSQL 10 in your production environment, it is highly recommended that you plan to upgrade to a more recent version to ensure continued support and security. Upgrading will not only help maintain the integrity of your data but also allow you to take advantage of the latest features and improvements introduced in newer releases.

SAP® MaxDB™, developed and maintained by SAP SE, serves as the proprietary database management system for SAP applications. This database is engineered to minimize the total cost of ownership (TCO) associated with SAP solutions. Within SAP environments, MaxDB is utilized to manage both the application logic and the associated business data. It is a vital component of any installation of SAP solutions, underpinning their reliability and performance. Comprehensive resources are available for creating and configuring the database, monitoring its operation, ensuring data is backed up and recoverable, as well as importing and exporting data. Additionally, user management, performance analysis, SQL optimization, error detection, and the development of database applications are facilitated. Integrated tools within the Computing Centre Management System (CCMS) enable users to analyze SAP MaxDB databases, schedule necessary actions, and monitor various database functions and alerts. A command-line interface is also available for efficient database administration, enhancing user control and oversight. This multifaceted approach ensures that SAP MaxDB remains a robust and flexible solution for enterprise data management.

Actian Zen is a database management system that is both embedded and high-performing, tailored for applications operating at the edge, as well as for mobile and IoT devices. This system seamlessly merges SQL with NoSQL data models, offering developers the necessary flexibility to handle both structured and unstructured data effectively. Renowned for its compact size, scalability, and exceptional reliability, Actian Zen is particularly suited for environments with limited resources, where consistent performance and minimal maintenance are crucial. Additionally, it comes equipped with robust security features and a self-optimizing architecture, enabling real-time data analytics and processing without the burden of continuous oversight. Industries such as healthcare, retail, and manufacturing extensively utilize Actian Zen, as it plays a vital role in managing distributed data environments essential for their operations. Its unique capabilities make it a preferred choice for organizations looking to leverage edge computing technologies.

Altibase stands out as a high-performance, enterprise-level relational database that is open source. It combines the advantages of in-memory processing for rapid data handling with substantial on-disk storage capabilities, resulting in performance that is ten times quicker than traditional on-disk databases. Organizations often prefer Altibase over competitors such as Oracle, IBM, and Microsoft. Since 1999, it has successfully replaced numerous conventional databases in sectors that demand instantaneous data solutions. With a clientele of over 650 global enterprises, including 8 companies from the Fortune Global 500, Altibase supports thousands of critical deployments across the globe. Its product is characterized by extensive maturity, offering a wealth of features and functionalities. Being open source, Altibase also provides advanced technologies like sharding for scalability. Users benefit from no licensing fees and flexible, competitive subscription options. With two decades of expertise, Altibase has managed over 6,000 mission-critical use cases, proving its reliability and efficiency in diverse environments. This extensive experience has solidified its reputation as a leader in the database technology landscape.

Welcome to H2, a Java SQL database designed for efficient data management. In its embedded mode, an application can access the database directly within the same Java Virtual Machine (JVM) using JDBC, making it the quickest and simplest connection method available. However, a drawback of this setup is that the database can only be accessed by one virtual machine and class loader at a time. Like other modes, it accommodates both persistent and in-memory databases without restrictions on the number of simultaneous database accesses or open connections. On the other hand, the mixed mode combines features of both embedded and server modes; the initial application that connects to the database operates in embedded mode while simultaneously launching a server to enable other applications in different processes or virtual machines to access the same data concurrently. This allows local connections to maintain the high speed of the embedded mode, whereas remote connections may experience slight delays. Overall, H2 provides a flexible and robust solution for various database needs.